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		<title><![CDATA[Ensemble Designs Forum - How are captions actually created, what is the process?]]></title>
		<link>http://forum.ensembledesigns.com/topic/32/how-are-captions-actually-created-what-is-the-process/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[The most recent posts in How are captions actually created, what is the process?.]]></description>
		<lastBuildDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:23:06 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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			<title><![CDATA[How are captions actually created, what is the process?]]></title>
			<link>http://forum.ensembledesigns.com/post/65/#p65</link>
			<description><![CDATA[At our Closed Caption Event and SMPTE meeting on 21 Oct 09, many interesting questions were posed. How are captions actually created, what is the process? What decisions does a caption editor make?

There are two kinds of captioning: offline and realtime. Offline captioning is used for prerecorded programming. Realtime caption writers caption for live events (e.g. sports, Presidential addresses) and need to have skills similar to court reporters.

Emily Bell of CaptionMax demonstrated offline captioning, the kind used for shows like 30 Rock and Law and Order. To create caption text and timing the caption writer watches a movie or program and types in dialog and descriptions of sound effects and music. Caption writers also do lots of research on every topic imaginable, often needing to look up the correct spelling of proper nouns and the exact wording of idioms.

The caption writers at CaptionMax ([url]http://captionmax.com/[/url]) use SoftTel Swift software, one of several caption creation software programs made for professional applications. After entering all of the captions and description data, a closed caption data file is exported. The caption creation and export process is the same for SD (standard definition) and HD (high definition) applications.

The data file and the TV program are both sent to an encoder where they are combined. Caption services businesses or post production houses handle the encoding process for most television networks.

CEA-708 closed caption data is carried as ancillary data in an HD (high-definition) video signal while CEA-608 closed caption data is carried on line 21 of an SD (standard definition) video signal.

The caption encoder software takes care of the CEA-608 or CEA-708 closed caption requirements as needed for outputting SD or HD. The output of the encoder is generally recorded onto video tape and is delivered to the network.

More on the CEA-708 standard at: [url]http://www.ce.org/Standards/browseByCommittee_2525.asp[/url]]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (cindy)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:23:06 +0000</pubDate>
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